Understanding TFT LCD Interfaces: RGB, LVDS, MIPI and SPI
Pin count does not tell you the interface type. This guide explains how to identify what your panel actually needs.
RGB (parallel) is the simplest: a data bus per color bit plus timing signals. It gives the highest refresh rate at the lowest cost, but needs many pins and does not scale to long cables.
LVDS serializes that same data onto differential pairs, cutting pin count dramatically and allowing cable runs of a metre or more. It is the industrial default for medium-size panels.
MIPI DSI is the mobile standard — a high-speed serial link with a separate clock lane that enables high refresh at low power. It is increasingly common in embedded and automotive panels.
SPI is for small low-resolution monochrome or simple color modules. It needs only a handful of pins but refresh rates are low, so it suits instruments and simple HMI rather than video.
